Fascism, along with socialism and liberalism, is one of the most influential political ideologies of the 20th century. In this course you will learn the main characteristics of fascist ideology and how this ideology played out during the last century. Fascist parties gained power first in Italy and then in Germany, where they established dictatorial regimes. Fascist ideology eventually spread to Spain, Portugal, Austria, France, and Hungary. We will analyze the experiences of these countries with an eye on the commonalities and differences between the various fascist movements and regimes. The seminar will also cover the downfall of fascist regimes and the challenging transition to anti-fascist governments. We will also examine the afterlife of fascism and discuss the ongoing appeal of certain aspects of “fascism” in present-day societies in Europe and elsewhere. To be sure, fascism is difficult to define. It molds itself to the circumstances of time and society. This is a truth that this course and our discussions will certainly show.
- Instructor: Gerald Steinacher